Crime Rates Essay

What we usually have in mind when we talk about the crime rates is a well known fact that crime rates are increasing. So,people who are related to this issue should try to find a solution so as to solve the problem .Up to now many countries have tried to decrease crime rates. However,many of them have failed .Everybody has a significant roles so as to decrease the crime rates such as parents and governments. First of all, it is worth bearing in mind that parents should train their children so children will not change the crime rates .Thus,crime rates will not increase . Parents should raise awareness their children because according to research conducted children who are conscious about crime do not commit a crime besides parents should not leave unattended their children because generally rambling children have amount of influence on the crime rates.Also parents should be interested in their children .Experts said that slummy person involve in a crime easily .Therefore parents take care of their children. Read more:Â  Increasing Crime Rate in Today’s Society in India It is last but not least governments should make provision as fight with crimes because researchers believe that only if governments attach importance to crime rates , can they decrease the crime rates .Governments should provide equipments so as to overcome to crimes.Thanks to more equipments , governments can reduce the crime rates .Governments should be in contact with other governments because increasing of the crime rates are not seem just one government.So, they can help each other about this situation. To sum up Ä ±t should be noted that parents have a considerable amount of effect as decrease the crime rates .Nowadays every segment of society is looking for a way to solve as decrease the crime rates.

The Bribary Scandal at Siemens Ag

For example, I am quite familiar with the ways business is done is Russia and I can assure you that bribing cases are very common there, with number of them being literally unavoidable. As for the case with bribing Wilhelm Seychelles, the chairman of the AUP labor union, I think it was completely unnecessary for such a big and respected company like Siemens to do that. Such bribing is certainly avoidable and It Is not worth for the company to risk It's reputation.In my opinion, It should be a concern of governments to prevent such actions and create mechanisms hat make any types of bribing activities Impossible, especially In companies In which the state owns a controlling stake. 2. I think if a company has a respected name in the field, offers competitive prices and meets all qualifications to win a contract, then it has couple of options to do so without bribing: a. Status off well-known and respected company gives it an ability to contact the government officials and local analogu e of U. S.Securities and Exchange Commission beforehand and ask to monitor the process of tendering. B. If the contract is for a large amount of money and, maybe, socially important, it might e a good Idea to attract the media to the deal. I believe these two options would scare away any company managers who are Intended to benefit from bribing. However, If the company Is In the situation when somebody demands money in return for a contract, it should immediately notify an appropriate agency and provide sufficient evidence in order for the officials to impose punitive sanctions against a breaking company. . In my opinion, the board made a right decision in not extending Killdeer's term. Even though Killed was not implicated in the scandal directly, l, honestly, hardly live that he, as the CEO of Siemens GAG, was unaware of the unlawful actions that had taken place within the company, since the amounts spent on the ‘consulting services' (Ð ²?420 million) seem to be too large n ot to notice them, or at least questionable.The practice of bribing for contracts might have been common at Siemens before and was Inherited by Killed from former CEO, Heimlich von Peeler. This practice doubled with Killdeer's aggressive, American style of management could have been reasons why Siemens GAG performed so well in the last few years roll to ten scandal. I also Delve Tanat whenever Clientele 010, It was Tort ten Detente of the company.After Killdeer's departure, considering how successfully he managed the company, it is most likely that Siemens' rate of growth and value of its shares will drop. If it wasn't for the bribery scandals, Killed could have much more work done for the company benefit over the following years. 4. As I could tell from the case and from my own experience, there are many companies that give money or gifts in exchange for contracts or some sort of favors. Siemens is not the only company accused of bribery.The enormous amounts Siemens spent on bribin g government officials and companies' managers probably led the investigations to begin. There are number of Siemens' competitors who were not as wealthy, and, as a consequence, couldn't get the same contracts, even though they might have been more qualified. My assumption is that the Siemens' competitors, angry about such injustice, could have been initiators of the investigations, which revealed the cases of bribing. Generally, I think Siemens was just unfortunate to get caught.

Change Detection

Introduction Most people are unaware of the changes in their visual environments until attention is drawn directly to those minor changes. Individuals do not often detect changes because of the lack of attention or insignificance of the change. In order for an individual to notice a change like color, location and identity of an object, attention must somehow be drawn to that object. A general conclusion from this body of work is that attention is necessary for detecting change (Rensink et al. , 1997). Being unable to detect a change in an object is called change blindness. Researchers seem to think that change blindness is the cause of many car accidents. Looking away from a road then looking back is a change that is very difficult to perceive which results in quite a few car accidents. Method In this experiment two pictures were represented in modification for each trial. On half of the trials the two pictures were alike but in the other half the pictures changed in some way. For each pair either the pictures appeared instantly after each other or they flickered. The participants in this study consist of a psychology class in the College of Staten Island. In order to start this experiment, students were asked to sign in to their CogLab accounts. To start the first trial of the change detection experiment, participants were required to press the space bar. One picture will appear after the other. The task in this experiment is to detect whether or not there is a change in the two pictures. If the image changes students press the â€Å"c† key but if the image doesn’t change students press the â€Å"n† key. This test measures our reaction time as well as our ability to detect changes in the pictures. The independent variable in this experiment is was the flicker and no flicker conditions. Two dependent variables were measured which were reaction time and proportion of correct judgments. Reaction time was the time between the appearance of the stimuli and the time that it took participants to make a response. Results It has been predicted that the percentage correct is smaller and the reaction time is slower for the flicker condition the no flicker condition. In the no flicker condition it is easier to identify the change in the picture because the change is almost immediately distinguished. On the other hand, the pictures with the flicker condition, the blank gray leads to changes throughout the picture which results in participants having to look at the picture item by item until the change is noticed. My results show that these predictions are somewhat true. In the flicker condition my reaction time was 11281. 6 ms and the proportion correct of change detected was 0. 625. In the no flicker condition my reaction time was 7667. 143, which is apparently significantly longer than predicted to be, but my proportion correct was . 875 which is slightly greater. Discussion The basic idea of this experiment is that people cannot store many details of a scene in memory. The vital aspect seems to be attention. In order to identify a change in an object, it is necessary to pay attention to that certain object; otherwise no change will be detected. The brain is unable to see a change happening to an element it has not yet stored. Selective attention is a key part in detecting a change in an object, scene or picture. My results for this experiment confirm that divided attention and change detection come hand in hand.

Earth's atmosphere, Clouds, and Air pressure and Wind Assignment

Earth's atmosphere, Clouds, and Air pressure and Wind - Assignment Example It keeps the temperature balanced within 24 hours as well. At different temperatures, the atmosphere is further subdivided into layers beginning from the Earth’s surface where troposphere lies between 7 to 14 kms followed by the stratosphere reaching the 50-km altitude. This layer is conducive for airplanes due to stability and with increasing temperature, only minimal amount of water vapor and other components may be detected. On top of the stratosphere is the mesosphere about 30 km in thickness which, due to unstable winds and temperature, experiences a certain degree of coldness. Within 80 to 85 kms from the ground begins the region of the thermosphere that spans a width of about 560 km or greater where it is possible for radio waves to be reflected during communication via radio system. Types of Clouds Clouds are generated every time the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor to the point they are unable to contain it in excess that phase change from vapor to liquid for water necessarily takes place during condensation stage of the water cycle. These clouds are massive by several millions of tons in weight and are classified based upon their physical appearance and altitudes. On the basis of the way they look in the sky, stratus clouds refer to the type which may be seen as flat sheets among low to high-level clouds. Another type under this classification are the cumulus clouds which are puffy, lumpy, or wavy and when enormous in size could form into towering vertical clouds with a potential to generate thunderstorm. Cirrus clouds, the third type, are known to be high and thin and cold at high levels, being made of ice crystals rather than water droplets. With reference to how high they could get from the ground level, clouds come in five types namely – high-level clouds, medium-level clouds, low-level clouds, moderate-vertical clouds, and towering-vertical clouds. It is quite interesting to find out that heavy rain, snow showers, and s now can be created with both the towering-vertical clouds and the moderate-vertical clouds. Air Pressure and Wind Systems When air exerts force on a particular area of the Earth’s surface due to the air’s weight then an atmospheric pressure emerges. This pressure increases as the layer of air becomes thick and this occurs at low altitudes whereas high places encounter low atmospheric pressure for having thin air around. A mercury barometer is the device used to measure air pressure in inches or millimeters. Wind, compared to still air, is identified with gases in motion and in our living planet, the mere flow of air is called wind. A ‘solar wind’, however, is caused by the flow of gases or particles from the sun in the outer space. Winds go by different names depending on their speeds and how long they stay on a particular spot. Gusts, for instance, are known as short bursts of fast winds, breeze for the light ones, whereas squalls are those with great str ength that last in a minute. Typhoon, hurricanes, storms, tornadoes, and cyclones are some other names given according to the wind’s nature of existence and they normally take place with high pressure differences beyond 200 miles per hour. Either hot rising air with low pressure or cool dropping air with high pressure

Trust Circles and Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Trust Circles and Communication - Essay Example This dissertation will prompt a debate into the methodologies and systems attached to this trend in terms of effectiveness and practical experience through the analysis that has been carried out by the author. Trust Circles may be defined as the creation of circles within which the students can develop interpersonal skills. These circles are meant to help the children talk and communicate in order to understand and to be better understood. The following are the main elements of trust circles or what is commonly referred to as circle time: (Kidd, 2003) There is use of a "talking object" which the children can identify with. This gives them the comfort level to talk, and creates a sense of discipline so that they do not all talk at once because only the person holding the talking object can talk. The teacher monitors who the object goes to. Communication is key in teaching. This involves two-way communication - from the teachers and from the students. In this regard, trust circles are best utilized in an environment driven by intrinsic motivation so as to develop communicative competencies through methodologies based in competition and cooperation - both of which are interactive in nature. This helps the students rise to challenges and make the best of various situations through appropriate communication methods. (Kidd, 2003) The reason I feel that this framework supports the use of technologies like multimedia through an emphasis on motivation and affective filter hypothesis, revolves around the fact that the trust circles try to promote better means of communication between all kinds of professionals. It provides the requisite standards within which educational administrators, course designers, and teachers, teacher trainers, examining bodies, etc., may design their sessions to accommodate to varied needs. (Kidd, 2003) Further, the framework presents a wide scope within its standards to reach into an individual's latent energy by separating the elements of language competence so as to effectively deal with complexities that arise in learning various things and developing interpersonal skills in the process. This taxonomic nature of the framework of trust circles and circle time also offers a wide scope for a deep analysis of psychological and pedagogical problems. This in turn helps apply the principles of the motivational models in context of the affective filter hypothesis. Therefore, through an emphasis on the communication approach, the Framework creates a separation of the elements that contribute to competency, by playing the role of a social agent in an intercultural environment. (Shekhan, 1995) For a healthy development of these elements, the use of methods like trust circles is justified. This is also a departure of the traditional methods of promoting

Term paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Term Paper Example The stores of this company are designed in a very systematic way. Earlier the company was owned by Oak Hill Capital Partners. It was a private equity firm. In 2010 Duane Reade was acquired by Walgreen Company. This case study explains some aspects of Duane Reade business in a detailed way. The firm is operating its business in retail industry. In USA, there are many big players present in the retail market. Duane Reade is experiencing strong competition in this industry. It is also facing threats from its strong competitors like Walmart, CVS etc. Some of the strategies of Duane Reade provide it competitive advantage which is explained in this case study. The firm is also experiencing some benefits and issues for its merger with Walgreen Company which are highlighted in this case study. I am an employee of Duane Reade. I am working in this company for a long time. In Duane Reade I am holding the position of shift manager. I have learned many good things from this organization and have a very good experience with it. As a shift manager I have got the opportunity to know many vital things from this company. Duane Reade has faced different types of situations for performing its business activities. I have experienced those situations and observed many things. Earlier Duane Reade had huge amount of debts. But presently the company has repaid its debts and it is now expanding at a faster rate. In New York, Duane Reade is the largest drugstore chain. The sales volume of this company is very high. So Duane Reade is able to sell its products at a lower rate that its competitors. For this reason the company has a large customer base. It acts as a strong advantage to the firm. I have seen the company in implementing various marketing and operational strategies which are tailored to meet the needs and requirements of its targeted customers of New York. This helped Duane Reade to acquire and retain more number of

Ozone Depletion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ozone Depletion - Assignment Example Closer to the ground, in the troposphere, ozone is considered a pollutant with harmful effects on breathing and plants. However, the layer of â€Å"good† ozone lies in the stratosphere, between 20 to 40 kilometers from ground. It blocks most of the harmful ultraviolet rays that increase the risk of skin cancer, reduce yields in certain crops and also stress marine life from reaching the earth from sun (â€Å"Ozone - Good Up High Bad Nearby† 2009). The depletion of the ozone layer has been most noticeable over the Antarctic region where a â€Å"hole† is seasonally created every year in spring since late 1970s. This hole, actually a large area in the stratosphere with severely depleted ozone, grew to 26 million square kilometers in 1998 and its largest size recorded was in 2006 when it touched 29 million square kilometers (â€Å"Ozone hole maximum is up on 2007† 2008). The stratosphere above the Antarctic is crucial to maintaining the global average concentration of ozone layer. Ozone is unequally distributed around the globe and is concentrated near the poles (Is total ozone uniform over the globe?). The flow of winds to and from poles keeps the ozone in circulation globally. Depletion over the Antarctic, the area of highest concentration, contributes considerably to the net effect of overall ozone reduction in the atmosphere. It is also here that the thinning of this layer is most dramatic. Unlike other places, the chemicals, such as CFCs, that destroy ozone get trapped over the Antarctic during the dark winter through a unique phenomenon, the â€Å"polar vortex†, and become part of clouds that are unique to this region. Extreme cold also creates ice crystals in these clouds. During spring and summer, as the temperature warms, the ice crystals initiate reactions that break down the CFCs into more active chlorine molecules. These, in turn, break down the ozone molecules into oxygen (â€Å"Ozone Facts: What is the Ozone Hole?† 2009). As the ice

Revising Messages Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Revising Messages - Assignment Example We assure you that we’ll make sure that our airline personnel become more careful next time. Kindly mail us back with a detailed list of items you lost by completing the following questionnaire, to enable us process your compensation. We apologize for making you wait for a long time; we had a lot of resumes to go through. We are however pleased to inform you that you made it to the final 10 candidates who have been shortlisted for an interview. The interview has been scheduled for June 15 at 3:00 p.m. Kindly inform us before the end of the workweek if you will be able to attend as this is our busy season. We use over a ton of paper every year out of which, much of it goes to waste creating more environmental waste. It is because of this that, beginning on Monday, white plastic bins will be placed outside the elevator on every floor to recycle the paper and minimize pollution. d. In today’s meeting, we were privileged to welcome Paul Eccelson, who reviewed the shopping cart function on our website and offered some great advice. Feel free to call for any inquiries concerning the new forms. c. Kindly call our hotline at 1-800-555-8765 to schedule an appointment with one of our knowledgeable mortgage specialists in your area, as well as ask more questions about mortgage rates, closing procedures or any other aspect of the mortgage process. Remember, we’re here to make the home-buying experience as painless as

International Business and Management. Global Expansion Essay

International Business and Management. Global Expansion - Essay Example Working in a country that one is not familiar with, is a great challenge in itself. More so, when it involves the establishment of a branch office of one's company or deals with the successful initiation of an extension of the company, in a scenario completely different from the one, one are familiar with. Heading these operations that delve into international horizons and expansion plans build up more responsibility that needs to be fulfilled, on one's part. Therefore, a great amount of thought-processing and execution must go down into such plans, before embarking on a conclusion. You are partners in a leading management consultancy in London. You have been asked to set up an office in the capital city of CHINA. You are required to write a report for the senior partners. What is striking in an international expansion programme, is the Cultural Difference and Incompatibility one is bound to face. Numerous theories have been put forth, with regards to this. One such theory, is Geert Hofstede's 'Cultural Dimensions Theory'. Hofstede believes that management is not something that is related solely to business, but also extends in other aspects of life. (Website: http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_hofstede.html). He divides the cultural dimensions into four different dimensions, and later on went on to add a fifth dimension. The first dimension that he talks about is Individualism, wherein he highlights the extent of individual handling of projects, and the degree of group or team work that is existent in a management scenario. The second dimension is that of power distance, wherein he talks about the partisan politics. He delves into areas like inequality in management, biased outlook of those in superior positions and the like. The third, is that of certainty, which is nothing but the risk factor that is prevalent in businesses that expand beyond cultural borders. The fourth dimension is that of achievement or masculinity, which is the difference s in the task management between the sexes. The fifth dimension, that was later proposed by him, is Long term vs. Short term orientation, which talks about the time period of existent of the business unit in the extra-cultural scenario. Therefore, his theory states that management not only requires a business to look into the business operations, but to also l ook into other operations that govern an individual involved with the business. This is where culture comes into the perspective in business expansion. China is one of the favourable fast-growing sites for international expansion of business, trade and commerce. Transfer of technology, the

Economics for Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Economics for Business and Management - Essay Example According to Anderton (2000), the consumers are the ones who determine what is to be produced hence determine allocation of resources leading to allocative efficiency. The demand for goods and services by consumers triggers the producers to increase production thus engaging more factors of production in the process. The income earned by the factors determines the amount of consumption by individuals; the more the income, the higher the consumption or demand. At the initial stage, competition by consumers for scarce resources pushes the prices up. The law of supply states that the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied thus the producers increase production and get more profit. Since there are no barriers to entry in a free market, more producers may enter the market attracted by the abnormal profits (Griffiths & Wall, 2008). In the long run, supply will increase more than demand and the firms will start competing for the few buyers pushing the prices down. A fall in price means the profits also decline leading to reduction in production by firms and exit from the market by others. An optimum allocation of resources occurs where demand by consumers interacts with supply by producers. The resources are used to produce the goods that are most in demand by consumers hence resources are transferred from one use to another which is more profitable. As such, some people are made well off while others are made worse off. For example, if a firm decides to change the technology used in production it will employ individuals who have such skills and those who don’t possess the required skills are declared redundant and lose their wages. The firm can also use new equipments. High prices make some consumers to afford goods while others cant due to amount of income held by individuals. According to the law of demand, the lower the price the higher the quantity demanded. A reduction in production by producers may force prices up as consumers compete for the goods. The high prices in turn lead to cut in consumption. The producers therefore must innovate ways of producing goods at low cost hence low prices for goods and increased demand. This leads to productive efficiency of the economy (Griffiths & Wall, 2008). Competition by firms leads to innovation as firms try to gain competitive advantage. They thus produce high quality goods to the advantage of consumers. Lipsey & Chrystal (2007) argue that the free market gives better information on changing market conditions thus allowing buyers and sellers to make informed decisions. For example, when prices are low it signals that there is high supply in the market and an incentive for buyers to buy more. High prices indicate scarcity of goods and hence an incentive for sellers to sell more and make profit. High prices also induce firms to employ more factors of production. Due to availability of information, decision makers respond quickly to changes in consumer demand (Vidler & Grant, 2003) . The free market system also allows consumers to have a variety of choices from different firms. Q1 (b): How Market Failure Occurs and how Government can Correct Market Failure Market failure is due to inefficient functioning of the markets. A market should be able to resolve the questions of

The Process of Settlement in Qatar Essay Example for Free

The Process of Settlement in Qatar Essay Introduction Thesis Statement The settlement events that took place between Qatar and two nations (Bahrain and Saudi Arabia) had causes significant modifications, such as economic boost and individualism decline, in the modern day settlement conditions of Qatar.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the rich history of Qatar dating from 1766 up to the present, the territorial settlement within the area had originated to different areas and had progressed through different events and policy agreements. From the ancient times, prior to the official settlement of Qatar, the physical characteristics of the area comprise of a dry interior with no formal occupants but rather nomadic tribes. However, the arrival of the Bani Utub had caused the emergence of the Qatar settlement. During the initial phases of Qatar settlements, the rough start had always been present due to commotions and familial conflicts that sometimes lead to the reduction of their small population[1]. The segments of the Bani Utub clan in Kuwait, the al-Khalifa and al-Jalahima, left Kuwait for Zubara, on Qatar’s western coast, where they established the Qatar settlement[2]. This perspective had been considered as far as the ancient times; however, the rally and the cradle of new civilization had formed the new issues on Qatar settlements together with Saudi Arabia that significantly affected the economic and societal stand of the country. It was during the 19th century when the first issue on Qatar and Saudi Arabian settlements had broken out considering the border settings of the country. The settlement argument of Qatar had also reached the attention of different areas, such as Bahrain, Egypt, etc. The process of settlement of Qatar’s land had caused significant impact within the society especially on economic and social conditions. In this study, the primary aim is to determine the process of settlement that has been present in Qatar. The study also gives emphasis on the effects of this settlement issues in the modern conditions of Qatar today. Discussion Settlement in Qatar   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Historically, Qatar was one of the sovereign states that possessed its own control over the manipulation of its state management. The borders comprised the midway of the Western coast of the Arabian Gulf from which the Qatar society had main obtained their living in the line of fishing industry. However, the boundary lines of Qatar coincided to Arabian Gulf, specifically with Saudi Arabia and Bahrain’s maritime boundaries. Qatar scope of settlements also included other Arab countries, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Iranian territories[3]. Measuring the Qatari settlements, the arid desert and dry climate of Qatar had extended over the Peninsula, which were about two hundred kilometers long and hundred Kilometers wide with an area coverage totaling to 11850 square Kilometers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the historical perspective of Qatar, the modern rule occurred during the early 18th century wherein Al-Thani family of Qatar, which was considered as the dominate family of the tribal settlement that was from the lineage of Al-Maadhid (part of the Bani Tamim hierarchy ) tribe of Ushaiqir in the province of Al-Washm of Nejd, came to the settlements of Qatar[4]. From the early settlement of the family, Al-Thani decided to explore and relocate their settlements to Zubara, Ruwais and Fuwairat during the start of middle 18th century; hence, triggering the trend of Qatar’s modern settlements. The history of Qatar’s union with Bahrain as a dependent country during the time of Muhammad bin Thani’s dynasty (1868-1876). This pact was continued by the Al Khalifah during their settlement in Zubarah, which lies on the west coast of the Qatar peninsula[5]. From here on, the issues of settlements with Qatar and other nearby countries, which had originated with the early leaders of their land, had ignited to form border concerns and territorial arguments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the entrance of 21st century, the Al Thani ruling family of Qatar had significantly battling against the Al Khalifa claim to the old settlement area, which had been under Qatari’s territorial rights[6]. In 1994, the issue on Qatar settlement with Bahrain and Saudi Arabia had reached the International Court of Justice (ICJ) wherein the office had to consider the legal effects of a double exchange of letters between these countries. The ICJ allocated sovereignty over Zubarah, Janan Island and the low-tide elevation of Fasht ad Dibal to Qatar. On the other hand, Bahrain was granted sovereignty over the Hawar Islands and the island of Qit’at Jaradah. From this point, the maritime disputes between Bahrain and Qatar had been settled with the delimitation from a point centrally in the Gulf of Bahrain, but not exceeding the boundary line with Saudi Arabia[7]. According to Aust (2000), Saudi Arabia, having agreed to use its good offices to help solve certain territorial disputes between the other two states sent each of them letters in identical terms proposing certain settlement procedures[8]. From that point, no significant tensions had occurred between Saudi Arabia and the demarcation of Qatar’s borders; although, it left significant conflict against Iran and other nearby countries, such as Kuwait and Yemen. With the advent of Qatar merging its borders with Saudi Arabia, significant changes occurred in its economy and society, such as the expansion of oil market under Saudi Arabian supervision across the world market, etc. Social and Economic Changes in Qatar   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The effects of the settlement issues in Qatar did somehow caused disruption in the economic and society; however, the country was still able to adapt and maintain the conditions of their land. According to Rice, from the later period in Qatar, during the time when the Gulf was the main artery of world trade and the settlements on eastern coast of Arabia became cities of the great commercial importance, are almost very barren, with no evidence yet discovered continuous occupations[9]. However, even with the unfavorable conditions of Qatar, they were still able to promote economic and societal growth in their area that resulted to the development of their country. In one scenario, the merging of Qatar to Saudi Arabian settlement after signing the General Agreement of Participation, as the modern course of their system, significantly boosted the oil market of Qatar towards the World Market[10]. Most significantly, Qatar is well known for its oil production and market across the world market of oil. The participation of Qatar with Saudi Arabia came in the progress of development and modernization of their country. Qatar had experienced significant economic boost through the wide exports of oil and other commodities. The decision of the government to merge their lands with Saudi Arabia had significantly triggered the open of Qatar trade and market in an international scope. However, the Qatar settlement, specifically on the Hawar Islands and the island of Qit’at Jaradah, was claimed by Bahrain after a long argument. This was decided upon by the IJC, which rendered their appeal in vain; however, they were granted with the other part of the territory that they were fighting for, which were the Zubarah, Janan Island and the low-tide elevation of Fasht ad Dibal to Qatar. This territorial allocation had greatly affected the society through the expansion of possible trade market that can provide significant boost in the welfare of the society Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the study, the settlement of Qatar had originated form the family of Al-Thani, which later on dominated the social trends and political management of their land. The historical process of Qatar’s settlement had long been frustrated by the arguments and claims of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The ICJ had provided its jurisdiction of granting parts of Qatar islands to Bahrain while retaining Zubarah, Janan Island and Fasht ad Dibal to Qatar, which somehow resolved the conflict between the two warring countries. On the other hand, the settlement issues with Saudi Arabia had provided caused the merging of territorial affinities through in the perspective of trades and industries, and one of these was the oil participation of Qatar under the General Agreement of Participation. The settlement issues of Qatar had caused significant pros and cons in the society and economy. The pros concerned with the advancement of their trade and industry giving the Qatari society an open opportunity for oil transport and international trade market. However, the cons was the lost of parts of their islands and the reduction of their economic individualism as per their participation with Saudi Arabia. Works Cited Anderson, Ewan W. nternational Boundaries: A Geopolitical Atlas. Routledge, 2003. Aust, Anthony. Modern Treaty Law and Practice. Cambridge University Press, 2000. Bahl, Taru. Encyclopaedia of the Muslim World. Anmol Publications PVT Ltd, 2004. Crystal, Jill. Oil and Politics in the Gulf: Rulers and Merchants in Kuwait and Qatar. Cambridge University Press, 1995. Parra, Francisco. Oil Politics: A Modern History of Petroleum. I.B.Tauris, 2003. Rice, Michael. The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf. Routledge, 1994. Zahlan, Rosemarie. The Making of the Modern Gulf States: Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the U.A.E. Routledge, 1989. [1] Crystal, Jill. Oil and Politics in the Gulf: Rulers and Merchants in Kuwait and Qatar. Cambridge University Press, 1995. p.26 [2] Ibid 26 [3] Zahlan, Rosemarie. The Making of the Modern Gulf States: Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the U.A.E. Routledge, 1989, p.84 [4] Ibid 84 [5] Ibid 84 [6] Bahl, Taru. Encyclopaedia of the Muslim World. Anmol Publications PVT Ltd, 2004. p.103 [7] Anderson, Ewan W. nternational Boundaries: A Geopolitical Atlas. Routledge, 2003. p.103 [8] Aust, Anthony. Modern Treaty Law and Practice. Cambridge University Press, 2000. p.18 [9] Rice, Michael. The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf. Routledge, 1994. p.233 [10] Parra, Francisco. Oil Politics: A Modern History of Petroleum. I.B.Tauris, 2003. p.161

Bushido the soul of Japan Essay Example for Free

Bushido the soul of Japan Essay The book Bushido the soul of Japan presented the various aspects of the Japanese society when there was the emergence of close interaction between the western and eastern civilizations. In this essay, an attempt is made to discuss the major themes and significance of this book. Analysis Inazo Nitobe, the author of the book, Bushido the soul of Japan, intended to provide information regarding the basis of Japanese doctrines of knighthood to the western scholars. Perhaps his interaction with the western scholars must have inspired him to write a book, which discussed regarding the main features of the Japanese feudal society. This is not a huge book. The book, however, has ambitious motives in the sense that through this small book attempt is made by the author Nitobe to reveal the complete essence of Japanese culture to the western audience. However, it simplifies the basic features of Japanese culture to make it more comprehendible to the western audience. To achieve this objective, several examples are given from the eastern and western literature. Consequently, this book has attracted the attention of several western scholars who wished to learn about the cultural aspects of the Japanese society. This book attempts to explain the basic features of the Japanese culture for the western audience by the use of English language. This book has been translated into different languages such as German, Polish, Marathi, and Chinese. This fact indicates the popularity of this work among both western and eastern readers. In the following pages, we try to give the details regarding the information that we gather from this book. The author obtained the information regarding the martial code from the elders when he was young. During those days, the author avers that there still existed few features of feudalism. The book Bushido argues that among the variety of doctrines of the Japanese culture, the most important are the samurai ways of life. The book deals with an attempt to trace the traditional Japanese martial code, which is not preserved in a written mode; but it spread from one generation to the other through the oral means. This book tries to reveal the past and present status of this martial code, which has been safeguarded by the Japanese martial arts experts for several years. This book is very essential to comprehend the real soul of Japan. The book traces the origin of this martial code to the Buddhist and Confucian thinkers and practitioners of this martial code. The followers of Zen Buddhism and Shintoism who have discussed regarding this code in their writings also developed it. This book comprises different chapters which provide information regarding the principles and the various aspects such as the ethical system, sources of Bushido, justice, courage, benevolence, politeness, truthfulness, honor, duty of loyalty, training of samurai, self control, institutions of suicide and redress, the soul of samurai, influence of bushido, and the future of bushido. (Nitobe, 1908) The Japanese warrior was expected to follow certain ethical principles, which were the part of this martial code. This system has been compared with the western chivalry system. These ethical principles had great impact on the behaviour and activities of the Japanese warrior or Samurai. He possessed both his sword as well as the ethical principles, which can be considered, as his soul. In this respect, we can say that the title of the book is very apt because the book intends to reveal this soul of the Japanese warrior. The Japanese were given information regarding the various moral principles at an early age. One such principle is that they should demonstrate their obedience to the elders. These moral principles were advocated to improve the character of the people, which allowed the people to make distinction between the right and the wrong. Bushido existed during the feudal age in Japan where there existed differences between the elite warrior class and the ordinary people. Bushido provided few guidelines regarding the actions of the individuals and their attitudes towards others in the society. This moral code of Bushido gives great importance to the obligation or the duty of individuals towards other members in the society. Each individual was expected to perform his duties towards elders, superiors, and other members of the society. The young people were given instructions regarding the need to imbibe the spirit of courage and they were informed that the death caused due to courageous and right actions leads to obtaining honour in the society. An important principle of Bushido is that the people were expected to follow the principle of benevolence, which means that they were supposed to help other individuals. In fact, this principle was the basis of the feudal Japanese society. This work gave importance to the quality of politeness and sincerity among individuals. Through these qualities, it is possible to obtain the love and friendship of other individuals. This will lead to harmonious relationship between the various members of the society. Bushido gave extreme importance to honor. It was the duty of every warrior or samurai to protect his honor and reputation. The book criticized the act of lying, which was considered as a sign of weakness. It was not considered as an honorable act. The book also gives information regarding the life and activities of the samurais, who possessed the feudal characteristics. The main aim of the samurais was to serve their masters and to show obedience towards their lord. The training of the samurais consisted of various principles such as wisdom, benevolence, and courage. They were given training in different arts of warfare such as archery, horse riding, wrestling, sword warfare, etc. At very early age, the samurais were subjected to training in fighting. Importance was given to developing their character rather than intelligence. Bushido encouraged the development of the personality of the warriors. They were not supposed exhibit any weaknesses or other emotions which would harm their own character and those of their lord. Hence, the samurais were expected even to commit suicide in order to safeguard their and lord’s honor and reputation. Particularly when a samurai committed errors, they were expected to kill themselves. In fact, the work refers to the ceremonies where there was the suicide of the samurais. This act surprised many western observers. This was one system, which differentiated Bushido code from other martial codes. The Bushido code mentions that the most important companion of the warrior was the sword which can be considered as his soul and he was expected to carry the sword wherever he went as it’s use led to the happiness and misery of the warriors. Ceremonies were performed which gave the right to samurai to possess the sword. The sword was one symbol of samurai, which differentiated him from other individuals in the society. Both rights and duties were performed and enjoyed by the warrior class who lived in the feudal Japanese society. The book also gave specific information regarding the role of women in the feudal society. As the male members in the family sacrificed their lives for their overlords, the female members also sacrificed themselves for the male members like husband and sons. This represented the characteristics of a stereotype feudal society. Duty of loyalty towards the male members was the quality that was expected from the female members of the Japanese family. In the end, the author discussed regarding the relevance of the martial code for the modern Japanese society. The author agrees that the Japanese society has voluntarily accepted the forces of modernization and westernization. Yet, at the same time, one can see that the Japanese believe that Bushido or the martial code is the basic spirit that can be found in their heart. The Japanese in the modern context possessed great passion for this martial code, in the same way, as it was the guiding force during the pre-modern times. Thus, the author argues that Bushido has maintained the basic features of the Japanese culture through this martial code. (1908) Conclusion The book gives information concerning the perception of the author regarding the ethical principles of the martial code called Bushido. This book provided information regarding the features of the feudal society of Japan in the pre-modern times. However, the author suggests that these principles are relevant even in the modern context. The author argued that the Japanese military achievements in the modern period against its enemies like China were due to the martial codes such as Bushido. This meant that there is a need to encourage the modern generation to imbibe the principles, which would lead to the development of their personality and the personality of the Japanese society. Reference Nitobe, Inazo(1908). Bushido the Soul of Japan, 13th edition.

Case Study: Ryanair | Analysis

Case Study: Ryanair | Analysis The report is mainly a case study analysis based on Eleanor OHiggins review of Ryanair conducted in 2007. However, other secondary research has been analysed and used to support the arguments put forward in this document. Purpose of this case study is to conduct a strategic analysis of environment and the industry as well as the company. Firstly I conducted a critical evaluation in-order to figure out the critical issues of the five restructurings of Ryanair. Next I have conducted an environmental scan to analyse the external and internal environment of the organization. Then I took my attention to carry-out a SWOT analysis in-order to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the firm that would shape the competitive advantage of Ryanair. In sorder to justify my argument I will be using strategic management models and theories such as, PESTEL analysis,Poters 5 forces model,Market segmentation analysis,Strategic grouping model, Value chain analysis etc.. After concluding the analysis I will deliver my recommendation for Ryanair. Overview of the Company Ryanair started in year 1985 with only 57 staff members and with one 15 seater turboprop plane from the south of east of Ireland to London-Gatwick which carried 5000 passengers on one route. In 1986, inspired from the story of the company go after the big guys for a slice of the action and end up smashing theor British Airways high fare cartel on the Dublin-London route. The staff increased from mere 57 to 120 staff members and the plane carried for about 82,000 passengers on two routes. In 1989, the company employed 350 staff and their average maximum passengers increased to 600,000. In 1990-1991, the company has 700,000 passengers. However, despite of the increase of passengers, the company is not so good in managing cost that the company has lose its money. A new management team is brought in to sort it out and re-launch as a low fares or no frills airline, closely modelling the Southwest Airlines model in the U.S. And in 1994, Ryanair bought its first Boeing 737 aircraft which carried over 1.5 million passengers. In 1995, Ryanair is the biggest passenger carrier on Dublin-London route, the largest Irish airline on every route being operate and carried 2.25 million passengers in the year. In 1997, the EU air transport deregulation allowed the airline for the first time to open up new routes to Continental Europe with over 3 million passengers on 18 routes carried. Ryanair launched services to Stockholm, Oslo, Paris and Brussels and took time out to float Ryanair plc on Dublin and NASDAQ Stock exchanges. The company was awarded as Airline of the Year in 1999 by the Irish Air Transport Users Committee. In 2000, they announced the launch of 10 new European routes for the summer 2000 after much deliberation and watching others burning money. The company has also jump onto the internet with the launch of their new online booking site and in just 3 months the site is taking over 50,000 bookings a week. By 2001 there are more than 1500 employees working for Ryanair and more than 10 million passengers are carried to 56 cities in 13 European countries. The company has opened Frankfurt-Hahn in 2002 as their second continental European base and announce a long term partnership with Boeing which will see the company acquiring up to 150 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft over an eight year period from 2002-2010. The booking in their web accounts have increased to 94% which has probably has something to do with opening another 26 routes. In year 2003, the company is characterised by rapid expansion and the start the year by announcing that the company has ordered an additional 100 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft to facilitate the rapid European growth plans. They acquired Buss from KL M in April and re-launched 13 buss routes in May. In February they opened their first base in Italy at Milan-Bergamo and launched their Stockholm base in Sweden with six new European routes. In all 60 new routes are added throughout 2003 to bring the company a total of 127 routes. By 2004, the company is named as the most popular airline on the web by Google and they launched their 10thand 11th bases in Rome Ciampino and Barcelona Girona and continue to add more routes to their already extensive network. The company has also passed out British Airways to become the UKs favourite airline in United Kingdom and throughout Europe. Critical Issues Although the company had encountered different problems, specifically in line with its cost structures, the company had been able to survive and grow in the marketplace. Ryanair implement different marketing strategy to make the company survive in the competition and to be able to gain competitive position in the airline market. It is said that the company was regarded recently as the most punctual airline between Dublin and London. And because of the strategy of the industry, Ryanair is now recognised as the second largest airline in United Kingdom and Europes largest low-fares airline having a network of over 57 routes in 11 countries and served by a fleet of 31 Boeing 737-200 and -800 aircraft with over 1,400 staffs and personnel. In order to position itself in the marketplace the company continuously concentrates on driving own its costs to offer the lowest fares possible and remain profitable. In addition, Ryanair offer minimum standards of service and very low prices for point-to-point, short haul flights. The goal of Ryanair is to meet the needs oftravellingat the lowest price. The Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are as follows in airline industry: the strategic focus of having the lowest prices, being reliable within the marketplace, comfort and service and frequency. It is noted that low-cost companies concentrate on this first critical success factor by trying to offer the lowest prices. Although Ryanair has eliminated extras such as in-flight meals, advanced seat assignment, free drinks and other services, it still prioritises features which remain important to its target market. Such features include frequent departures, advance reservations, baggage handling and consistent on-time services.(Ryanair vision,mission,goals and objects has been elborated in Appendix 01 External Environmental Analysis By using a PESTEL Analysis we scan the macro environmental factors that would influence the performance of an organization. It is often used to generate market ideas and product ideas. PESTLE Analysis of Ryainair (P)olitical/(L)egal Change of government/policy Ryanair have been involved in various legal disputes with governments both in this country and the EU regarding their business deals with airports and airline regulatory bodies Political changes in countries where they have routes to (could also be affected by above point) Governments in countries they fly to may support their own flagship carrier Local councils objecting to noise and new runways being built as in past Governments looking to increase tourism might welcome Ryanair and therefore act in their favour. (E)conomic Potential economic recession, Irelands economy has already been stated as growing however this may suddenly change. Because of above main customers wouldnt fly for business as would be cost cutting Energy and fuel costs are cause of uncertainty Economic change within countries they fly to or would hope to open new routes to, for example war with Iraq has shut off any hope of tourism there for the foreseeable future and other factors such as SARS (OHiggins, 2004) and more recently, Bird Flu. (S)ocial Because of economic growth at the moment it has become normal to fly away for holidays therefore market has expanded and new opportunities for tourism have opened in previously unconsidered countries. Business trips, although Ryanair do not offer luxury they are possibly more attractive because less cost to a company means they can travel more frequently. Lower costs means attract a wider demographic of consumer (T)echnological Main threat to business market is video conferencing To a lesser extent VOIP Online check-in, self service check in at airport OHiggins, (2004) discusses that Ryanair currently have a fleet of mainly Boeng 737s which are one of the best known and used commercial aircraft. Thus, the company is able to obtain spares and maintenance services on favorable terms thanks to economies of scale, limit costs of staff training and offer flexibility in scheduling aircraft and crew assignments (E)nvironment Using more environmentally- friendly aircraft. Aviation represents 2.6 per cent of carbon emission in the EU and airline industry should pay environmental taxes for the contribution they make to global warming. Deploying more efficient aircraft that use less fuel and produce less pollution. Industry Analysis Industry can effects profitability and the competitive positions of members. To identify it we can use, Market Segmentation Ryanair lay claim to their market segment by stating they were Europes first no frills airline, www.ryanair.com. Ryanair have made strategic decisions based on increasing their competitive edge, the main one becoming involved in attracting customers at both ends of their routes. Haberberg and Rieple , support this by showing that Ryanairs key source of revenue from as far back as a decade ago has been in enticing passengers from France, Italy and Scandinavia. This has had the advantage of increasing their market share as well as the added bonus of creating a well recognised brand name across Europe. Competitive Advantages Their main competitors are carriers including easyJet, BMI baby, FlyBe and ThomsonFly all of who try to attract potential customers by emphasizing their low cost tickets. This makes the competition in this market segment fierce as in order to offer the lowest fares, costs must also be kept to a minimum. The well discussed fact that Ryanair possesses a more than favourable relationship with airport operators has benefited the carrier in a time of industry growth and aggressive pricing. The carrier continues to pay little or no costs despite being the focus of the EU Commission in February 2004, which ruled that Ryanair had been receiving illegal state subsidies for its base airport at publicly-owned Charleroi Airport, OHiggins (2004). Ryanair and the airport in question defended themselves by declaring they paid a fee for every customer and therefore complied with the EU state aid rules. OHiggins (2004) claims that Michael OLearys main argument was that the state aid rules allow the Wallonian government to stimulate traffic at an unused airport facility in exactly the same way that every private airport reduces its charges it if wishes to grow its business. However, although these decisions by the EU Commission went against Ryanair, it also made them even more of a household name across the EU. The free publicity was an added bonus, as well as the position Ryanair took, of being almost a savior of the lesser known airports, bringing them trade and tourism and then being persecuted for it. Porters Five Forces Model Porters five forces analysis is a framework for the industry analysis and business strategy development developed by Michael E. Porter of Harvard Business School in 1979. It uses concepts developed in Industrial Organization (IO) economics to derive five forces which determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. Porters five forces model has been fully elaborated more on Appendix 02 Threat of substitutes is medium for Ryanair and is basically in the form of land,travel. Barganing power of buyer is high as low budget air travel is almost a commodity today and carriers are many. Buyer are well informed at prices and deals via internet and other mediums. Barganing power of the suppliers as Ryanair with its large scale holds the power to switch suppliers and demand better terms, especially to cut cost.Threat of new entrants is medium- as entrance to tarvel industry needs special licenses etc as well as high capital investments.Existing Rivalry is high with Ryanair competing against national carriers as well as low budget carriers for their share of market. Overall the industry witch Ryanair in is of medium attractiveness. Strategic Group Analysis The value of strategic group analysis as a tool for understanding industry dynamics and structure. Studing strategic groups, but that the analysis can help a firm in effort to understand the industry in which it competes and to identify its most relevant competitors. Internal Environmental Analysis Resources There are two kind of resources, tangible and intangible again movin further it can be categarise as financial, human, physical resources. Physical Resiurces and Human Resources has been fully elaborated more on Apendix 03 Financial Resources In the low cost structured airline industry Ryanair was the highest profit making airline.(ratioes has been fully elaborated on Appendix 04) Value Chain Analysis An analysis of an organisations resources can include its financial, physical, human, intellectual and reputational resources. In the deployment of these resources, it is also important to understand the competences and core competences of an organization. Porters (1985) value chain concept is an important part of this process. Ryanair strongly manages and forms relationships with various suppliers e.g. Boeing and food/beverages etc, to ensure goods are received of requirement standards and on time in-order to add value throughout its value chain In addition to this by forming strong relationships with Boeing, they are able to obtain spares and maintenance on favorable terms reducing costs, thus offering lower prices to passengers and safer flights (adding value). In-order to add substantial value for its service by providing low-fares, they closely monitors relationships with airports around Europe, so they provide subsidies to the airliner in order for them to provide low-fares and seen as adding greater value for customers. Furthermore they have agreed with these airports to provide storage hubs as to when a plane enters these sites its automatically refueled and beverage/duty free products are reloaded at negotiable prices reducing costs and quicker turnaround timing is achieved, thus seen as adding val ue. For the airliner to provide low-fares to consumers it contracts staff for aircraft handling, ticketing and baggage handling to third parties at competitive rates as well as engine repairs and heavy maintenances of its aircrafts. Thus reduces direct exposure to employee relationships and disputes reducing costs all through value chain. Additionally, to add greater value for customer, the aircraft staff e.g. pilot, cabin-crew, they holds close relationships, giving the right training making them competent enough to feel confident to answer on flight questions. The airliner has a commission placed for its aircraft crew linked with the sales of duty-paid goods (rewarding mechanisms).Thus close management with aircraft crew ensures good labors turnover reducing the threat of staff being absent for flights, thus seen as adding value for customers.(more on Appendix 05) SWOT Analysis of Ryanair Factor Ways which factor applies to Ryanair (S)trengths Marketing strong branding and reputation, aggressive price strategy. Low costing due to airport operator deals. Reputation as biggest budget airline. Lots of publicity due to OLeary and controversial issues. Air Transport World magazine announced that Ryanair was the most profitable air line in the world. 2006 Annual Report, Ryanair desinged itself as the Worlds Favourite Airline. (W)eaknesses Cash tied up in purchase of new planes. Entire company based on European low cost airline market. Shock profit warnings may have used cash reserves and weakened fiscal structure Refusal to back down over issues such as EU Commission Poor employee relations Total dependance on the CEO Michel O Leary (O)pportunities Possible new routes, New planes = larger capacity. Advertising space on website and planes, more revenue International Airline colloborated EU expansion (T)hreats Competitors BMI baby, Easyjet, ThomsonFly. Economic recession would mean less disposable income. EU Commission could put restrictions on company if do not adhere to state aid rules Subsitute transpotation like car and high speed trains. Fluctuatioans in fuel prices Conclusion On the whole Ryanair seem to be following a strategy which works for them. They are obviously aware of their business environment and understand the importance of monitoring it as they took advantage of the opening in the market when they restyled themselves over a decade ago. However they need to be aware that this environment is constantly shifting and evolving and therefore maintaining a close eye on it and being ready to adapt to any changes should be a fundamental part of their strategy. Recommendation Ryanairs aim to keep fares low, mainly by not introducing fuel surcharges. Actions like this, which were of course highly publicised, ensure Ryanair is constantly attracting customers. Part of Ryanairs success is made possible by the fact they are such a lean company, both in the way they operate and the services they offer. OHiggins (2004) claims that when the carrier dropped their cargo services, although they were going to be losing  £500,000 of revenue a year, they decreased the turnaround time of their aircraft from 30 minutes to 25 minutes to attract more business travellers who required the punctuality. Innovativeness like this has ensured Ryanairs sustainability and will carry them forward into the future. To recommend any major changes would be to predict how the airline industry will change which ultimately cannot be foreseen. However it has been concluded that the budget airline will continue enjoying its boom, with many passengers now enjoying the short breaks away at a low price. Also the advent of new routes will bring more custom, from both departure points. If there was to be a drop in demand Ryanair would certainly suffer and subtle shifts in their strategy could be appropriate. For example offering drinks vouchers onboard for the customers next Ryanair flight might entice more people back, or making alliances with hotel groups in order to offer a complete package, rather than just selling advertising space on their website. References Finlay, Paul (2000), Strategic Management. An Introduction to Business and Corporate Strategy. Pearson Education. ISBN 0 201 39827 3 Haberberg, Adrian Rieple, Alison (2001), The Strategic Management of Organisations. Pearson Education Ltd, ISBN 0 130 21971 1 Lynch, Richard (2000), Corporate Strategy 2nd Ed. Pearson Education Ltd, ISBN 0- 273-64303-7 McManus, John, Maybe its time for Ryanair to jettison OLeary, Irish Times, 11 August 2003 OHiggins, Eleanor, (2004), Ryanair OHiggins, Eleanor, (2007), Ryanair the low fares airline www.ryanair.com www.grin.com Appendix 01 Company Vision Ryanairs CEO, Michael OLeary, has a vision of a world where the fare could drop to nothing as local communities would subsidize the airline to bring a steady traffic of business people and tourists to their region. Main Aim To firmly establish itself as low fares,scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanded offerings Rayanairs Main Objective Ryanair will become Europes most profitable lowest cost airline by rolling out the proven `low-fare-no-frills service in all markets in which we operate, to the benefit of our passengers, people, and shareholders (Ryanair Report, 1997). Ryanairs other objectives GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR 6 YEARS TILL 2012. To raise the market share within the low cost sector up to 40%. Fleet of 200 airplanes in 2012, To double the annual passenger transportation to 80 million by 2012. To eliminate the rest of our costly call centers To base the distribution only on online booking. To quadruple its annual profit up to  £1,230 billion in 2012. (www.grin.com/ebook/ryanair.) Appendix 02 Suppliersbarganing power low Competitor Rivalry High Threat of new entrants Medium Threat of Subsitutes Medium Buyers barganing power low How poters 5 force analysis effect Ryanair; Appendix 03 Physical Resources The physical resources which Ryanair possess is the 196 Boeing aircrafts. The huge amount of money being spent by them on their physical resources for the maintainance. They need to keep resources proper and running to make sure that these will not harm their low cost structure. They also have the youngest fleet in whole Europe with a highly fuel efficient capacity. Human Resources Human resources can be considered one of the most important functions of a business. The vast majority of organisations all employ staff and Ryanair is no exception especially due to their size. When the carrier was established over twenty years ago they only had fifty one members of staff on their payroll. (www.ryanair.com.) With this amount of staff they have to ensure that, in order to have operations like call centres and cabin crews running smoothly, they keep their staff happy and motivated. They do this by offering incentives and a share option scheme which allows employees to participate in the success of the company overall. Ryanairs technical operations should mainly revolve around their aircraft as this is the core of their business. In February of last year they announced an order placed with Boeng for 70 firm aircraft as well as 70 options, www.ryanair.com. This means that between now and 2012 Ryanair will have 225 firm aircraft and options for another 220, allowing them to grow to over 70 million passengers per year. Due to this excellent deal negotiated by the carrier their growing amount of aircraft will not add huge amounts to depreciation costs as they will be depreciated over 23 years. Technical operations have to run smoothly for obvious reasons, if a plane scheduled to make a flight for technical problems, for example, then this will impact on all of Ryanairs operations and functions and also cause disharmony amongst their passengers, possibly costing them future ticket sales Appendix 04 Financial Ratios Net Profit Margin Net Profit Margin (NPM) tells us how much profit a company makes for every $1 it generates in revenue. Net profit margin indicates, when compared with GPM, how well a firm is managing its indirect costs in addition to cost of goods sold. Return On Assets Return on Assets (ROA) provides a view of how efficient management is at using its assets to generate earnings. ROA for all three primary competitors is virtually the same. Therefore, we can say that all three companies are generating similar revenue per dollar of assets. Current Ratio The current ratio is a financial ratio that measures whether or not a firm has enough resources to pay its debts over the next 12 months Inventory turnover Inventory turnover ratio shows how many times a companys inventory is sold and replaced over a period. This should be compared against industry averages. A low turnover implies poor sales and, therefore, excess inventory. A high ratio implies either strong sales or ineffective buying. High inventory levels are unhealthy because they represent an investment with a rate of return of zero. It also opens the company up to trouble should prices begin to fall. Here are unreasonable Inventory turnover ratios of each company. However, the inventory in the motion picture industry is not so important compared to other manufacturing companies.

A Tale Of Two Schools: How Poor Children Are Lost To The World Essay

A Tale of Two Schools: How Poor Children Are Lost to the World   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jonathan Kozol wrote a book titled Savage Inequalities: Children in America’s Schools. A Tale of Two Schools: How Poor Children Are Lost to the World is an excerpt from the book. The excerpt tells the story of two high schools in the Chicago area.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Chicago area has a variety of high schools. Du Sable High School in Chicago and New Trier High School in a Chicago suburb are at different ends of the spectrum when speaking of the overall quality of education. New Trier has seven gyms and an Olympic pool. Du Sable is crowded into one city block while New Trier takes up as much space as a small college.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The courses at New Trier are completely geared for college bound students. For example, there are seven foreign languages offered there. With that in mind, try to understand that while the seniors at New Trier study authors such as Freud and Nietzsche, the seniors at Du Sable are just now learning how to read four syllable words. Only about seventeen percent of Du Sables students are in a college preparation program. No wonder the graduation rate, Kozol states, is twenty five percent at Du Sable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The outcome of the twenty five percent graduation rate is clear to all that live in the neighborhood. In his book, Kozol quotes a reporter asking a sixteen-year-old dropout about how much she would like to ...

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essays -- Science Genetics Papers embryo

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Embryonic stem cell research is a controversial topic nationwide, because of its clash of ethical and moral values. Many people, including those suffering from diseases that this research is seeking to cure, do not believe in killing a living embryo in order to advance research and science. â€Å"Even though having Parkinson’s Disease is something I’d rather not go through, I cannot find it in me to support embryonic stem cell research at this time in my life, simply because my improvement or being cured shouldn’t depend on the killing of an innocent life,† said Wilbanice Ayala, 22, of Hudson, New Hampshire. President George W. Bush is one who also does not believe in the â€Å"killing of an innocent life† for research that could potentially lead to the cure of many diseases. In 2001, Bush announced that federal funds would only be distributed for research on the 60 stem cell lines already in existence. This address brought an outcry from those afflicted with diseases that could possibly be cured by stem cells and by those who strongly support the research for the betterment of the society. With so many different groups of researchers wanting to explore this topic, 60 stem cell lines simply cannot be stretched for everyone’s use. In addition to that, the lines have been used so much that many of them are starting to show chromosomal abnormalities. There are, however, alternatives to embryonic stem cell research. For those not familiar with the study of embryonic stem cells, it is derived from the cells that make up the inner cell mass of the embryo, blastocyst. What is unique about these cells is that they are capable of generating any and all cells in the body. Some alternatives to this study incl... ... the day Proposition 71 was passed was an important day for all patients, researchers, and people who depend on medical research for treatment and cures. Harvard will no longer be alone in the search for cures using stem cell research. California’s passing of Proposal 71 offers a lot of promise to the field of science and its advancements. Is this just another example of â€Å"lazy research,† or is this the only option left that can provide treatments to many people suffering from different diseases? The bottom line is that this new wave is rapidly growing in popularity and alternatives to embryonic stem cell research are fading, to some seeming virtually non-existent. â€Å"At some point there was excitement that adult stem cells could be changed into cells from another tissue, but this has now been unequivocally been put aside as experimental artifacts,† said Kadereit.

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essays -- A Dolls House Essays

1 A Dolls House   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Dolls House represents a women’s marital life from many years ago. The central theme of this play is Nora’’s rebellion against society and everything that was expected of her. Nora shows this by breaking away from all the standards and expectations her husband and society had set up for her. Women were not considered of importance to their husbands and that made women feel like in a â€Å"dolls house†, such as with Nora and her husband Helmer. In her time women were not supposed to be independent. They were to support their husbands, take care of the children, cook, clean, and make everything perfect around the house. Nora had two main rebellions; her taking out the loan, and when she left her family, and everything was all planned out by her. Nora’’s first rebellion was when she took out a loan so that she could pay for her husband, Torvald’s medical treatment. It was against the law for women to take out a loan without their husbands consent. When she did this she proved that she was not as submissive and helpless as Torvald thought she was. He called her â€Å"helpless†. A perfect example of Torvald’s control and Nora’s submissiveness was when she got him to re-teach her the tarantella. She already knew the dance but she acted as if she needed him to re-teach her the whole thing. When he says to her â€Å"Watching you swing and dance the tarantella makes my blood rush†. This shows that he is more interested in her physically than em...

Symbolism and Imagery

Choices, one would have to make a lot of these in his lifetime. While there are minor choices, there are major ones, either way, making a choice never come so easy. Making a choice is one of life’s most challenging hurdles each and every person would have to go through. It is one of those times when all of man’s senses are at work. The eyes need to see what to watch out for, as far as it can navigate through the blinding horizon. The ears need to heed the advices of those who has been there and done that, and do their own assessment of hard lessons that come by. The nose needs to smell the roses from time to time as life does not always have to be without pleasures, happiness from simple things fuels the soul to go on and move on. The mouth needs to shout out to release the madness it cannot contain much as it renders a smile at life whenever blessings come its way. And the sense of touch needs to feel the hard trails ahead as it needs to bleed every so often to remind him that he is human and that pain makes him stronger. In the like manner, it needs to feel the smoothness of the sail for no matter how hard the circumstances turns out to be, life is good and it is certainly a thing of beauty beyond words and human comprehension. At certain points in life, one is confronted by certain yields in the road he threads on. These are the moments when he has to make a decision. And yes only one way to go. Every choice a person makes becomes the essential elements that define his whole being. Robert Frost’s poem, A Road Not Taken was written with the use of symbolisms. The poem was about making life changing decision as well as the repercussions of every choice one makes. It tells more than having to pick a single road to thread. While the choice one makes is crucial no one knows for sure what lies beyond the bend of either way. After all, life is a journey and its destination is kept a mystery until one reaches the conclusion as the sun sets to mark the end of his beautiful life. The moment one takes his first stride on that road he chooses to thread, he can never take a step back and walk the other way. The wood Frost speaks about in this poem is symbolic of the world man lives in. On the other hand, the dark wood is symbolic of the solitude of oneself on which confines the finest literary works begins to materialize. Most people choose the other of the two roads particularly the one that is usually trodden for it promises a not so complicated path. As a dictate of human nature, people would not dare take the road less traveled for naturally if one has a choice, he would go for the one with less hassles, with less challenges, with less pain. Frost also utilized imagery in this particular poem that he wrote. The leaves that are kept undisturbed on the ground tell the readers that the road they cover is less traveled by. While making a choice is a fact of life and as usual and certain as the rising and setting of the sun, every time one does make a choice, it is almost as if he has never done so. The imagery of this poem implies the need to choose one of the two roads, where none gives even just a hint of what is laid in store for every traveler who walks by. The poem’s structure is one that is frank, distinct, and strong at the same time. Its focal point is on making a choice, the right one at that as well as the thoughts that runs through one’s brain every time he has to make life – changing decisions. The speaker in the poem opted to thread in the road that is less traveled by. This choice he made does tell so much about who he is and what he is made of. He is one of the few who would dare to set apart from all the rest who would rather stay in their comfort zones for fear of not being able to surface the challenge that lies ahead. He is characteristically more bold, valiant, and full of pride. He knew for a fact that there is not need to conform and seeking to be different can give a tremendous amount of satisfaction in the end. He is someone who is certain about what he wants to gain out of life. For him, conformity is a dead end. The faith he has for his beliefs, he chooses to keep. He knows when and how to battle it out whenever fate tests his principles and the values he holds in high regard. He is someone at peace with his individuality and his uniqueness, the very elements that defines who he is in all the ways that matter. He knows that he is very much capable of making that choice that could do him good. He has confidence that he can very well navigate his life and take charge of his own fate no matter what it takes and how hard it can be. While no one will ever know what could have been if he opted for the road he did not choose, regrets may come naturally. Nonetheless, not taking the easy way out is more fulfilling and thus makes all the difference. For when one deems that he made the right choice, regrets are much easier to dismiss. Each and every person alive live with choices until the last time he gasps for air to breathe. Every choice has its own share of repercussions and do create an impact and leaves a mark in each life it touches. In conclusion, this poem is one piece of poetry that outlives its author. It is timeless as it leaves a lesson that remains true today and even after several years more since it was written. It helps its readers to contemplate more on every choice they make as it would navigate the wheels of life in more ways than one and in every imaginable circumstance there is. Indeed, making a choice is one of life’s most challenging hurdles each and every person would have to go through. For inevitably, every person would have to make a decision for every opportunity in his life wherein he is required come up with one. Whenever he does, he must make it a point that he does so in the best of his ability. All because every choice he makes determines every twist of fate in the life he leads. And every choice he decides upon makes or breaks the life he worked so hard to live the best way he knew how. Works Cited â€Å"A Road Not Taken.† 2008. Bartleby.com. Retrieved May 9, 2007, from http://www.bartleby.com/119/1.html.

The Things People Forget in the Heat of the Moment

The trade union movement of instructing adolescents to a greater extent or less internal urge has been seen as the obligation of the p arnts for m whatever eld. But, p arnt-child communication in familiar nationals whitethorn be incapacitateed by agnate inhibitions or by various intergenerational tensions. Children very practicall(a)y times do non bugger off discipline on braceual matters from their parents, at least initially. Due to trip out associate randomness available to children through mussiness media, the education board has deemed it necessary to label and change informal education.The kind fly the coop has evolved drastically from the idea of teaching gloss over just closely sexual reproduction and guidance on abstinence. Rather, now it is important to clutch with sex-related topics in the media through much cultivate and comprehensive programs, deemed necessary to institute in the public school system. This of raceway has brought most se veral conflicting views somewhat the course work within the program, raising mixer and ethical questions here and in that respect.Although the idea of educating such young quite a little about sex is viewed as st pass, or as wrong, or even as immoral entirely, it is necessary for the well being of young people to be enlightened about these matters. weakness to teach young people about sex is worry playing a friendly game of Russian line roulette the trys are vast, risk of infection is unknown, and death may stare whizz in the face. a sight times failing to teach in good order the risks of something causes a lack of knowledge, almost handle ignorance, especially regarding the subject of sex.Disastrous consequences rear end get along about because of insignifi piece of asst information about sex and sex relations. For example, thoughts of gestation surface with the lack of fosterion, plainly additionally, risks involve the possibility of venereal disease spread, s uch as Gonorrhea, Syphilis, or HIV, in the absence seizure of contraceptives. These heartrending circumstances are a good deal pursuen lightly when in the idea and unmatched moldinessiness be educated fairly well to understand the constitutional importance of safety. This safety may intromit birth control or forms of contraceptives like male or female condoms, to picture that cardinals health is never undermined at any cost.Lack of monogamy and smart sexual relations has made it imperative to point safety precautions, as comical as it may sound, to ensure that wizs health is not jeopardized. In similarity, Russian line roulette is a game of risks, much like sex. Although the stakes are sort of different, sex of late and Russian roulette alike are merely period of play with unmatchables life history. It seems it might be wiser to choose the latter as a means of destruction. After all, a life stricken with some disease associated with sex washbowl comport disastrou s set up on ones physical body.For instance, John, an eighteen-year-old freshman at the University of Pennsylvania illustrates this perfectly. He was diagnosed dickens years ago with a virus he can never be unfreeze of. Diagnosed at the period of sixteen with herpes virus simplex one, he lives a nerve-wracking life, often ridiculed because of constant outbreaks of sores, not notwithstanding on his genitals, moreover also in and around his mouth. He dreads the next outbreak everyday, and wishes with every frequent recurrence he had taken the extra ten seconds to frame up on a condom, for if he had do so, life would be more kind (FAQ About Genital Herpes).In addition, take for example Maria. Maria is a junior at Lake Springs High School. She withal had a sexual encounter she wishes she could take back. One evening at a party, she drank a few drinks, and before she knew it, she was having sexual intercourse with a man she hardly knew she couldnt even recall his name. Now, Maria endures elongated treatment weekly of AZT to hinder the debilitating effects HIV has on her body. She forget grow weaker until the day she dies, all because of an unprotected sex act ( gentility).This information heightens the fatality for education regarding the puritanical care and safety precautions one must take when sexually active with other person. With the game of Russian Roulette, though, just one pull of the trigger and there are 1 in 6 chances, one swift blow. In addition, cases exist of Russian Roulette players who are uneventful in killing themselves, yet do serious damage to their brain, causing them to be quadriplegic. tenet the dangers about sex is not an flourishing task. No easier is learning to accept consequences, but these must be taught during adolescence for it to be bankrupt embedded within ones thoughts.In addition, danger regarding sex coincides with the risks one takes when the decision to consummate a birth is made. Teaching youth about the risk of pregnancy and the likeliness of contracting one of a vast array of diseases that range from completely curable with little discomfort, to long, move out, and debilitating incurable diseases one must endure the entirety of their life. One could separate that a person walking humble the street each day puts himself or herself in danger that there are risks everywhere, and this need not be taught at school, for it is common knowledge.This may be true, but the idea that one can protect themselves from potential danger just by being informed should be grounding enough to incorporate a more advanced sexual education course curriculum in the public knowledge system. For instance, instead of managementing on abstinence, which is rigorously opinion, focus on the fact that by the age of 15, more than 18% of U. S. teens have experienced sexual encounters and that by the age of 20, 40% of Caucasian women have conceived at least one child (Causes, Incidence, and assay Factors).F ocus also on the likelihood of contracting a sexually hereditary disease focus on the facts, focus on the statistics. Take Russian Roulette for comparison to these dangers associated with sex. Potential dangers are diaphanous holding a gun to ones head and pulling the trigger, the danger seems quite substantial. This means of suicide can be compared to that of unprotected sex. One can illuminate the idea of unprotected sex as a way to cast suicide. A person not astute the dangers of sex, and a person holding a gun up to ones head, not thinking that there could be a bullet within the handgun display the same ignorance.The lack of information or education about these two instances could be devastating. Knowing the dangers, but still taking the risk, sex seems a lot like the game of Russian Roulette. Proposals need to be made to fulfill twain parents and adolescent concerns in addition to social needs to incorporate a more advanced form of sexual education. perchance issuing mo re of a homework-based clear via an Internet website could fulfill these concerns. The idea in mind would be to lessen a students awkwardness of a classroom setting, yet still sagaciousness the necessary material presented.This being ripe because students are still learning about the subject matter and it would increase a parents morale about this course matter, for their children are learning about sex within their home sooner than in a classroom, where sexual tensions may be embarrassing. Another proposal is to entangle the curriculum within already complete courses. Academics such as English and tarradiddle can hold intimate classroom conversation about this subject matter relevant to course curriculum.This means of incorporating the sexual education material within required classes would guarantee that sexual education be at least introduced to these younger individuals. It is not necessarily automatic that one will contract a venereal or sexually transmitted disease, nei ther is it defined that when the trigger is pulled, the bullet will come raging through for a forgetful journey through the skull. The risks are there though the danger is there. Without an education to sketch these risks and dangers, the results a lack of education would be devastating to society.

Global local fashion

The jackets has elements of a suit collar with poorly(p) lapels, which indicates a tailored easing as vigorous as a crinoline assisting with the shape of the fleece which is originally a due western way element. (Radon, 2009) Hampton is peerless of the Japanese determinati whizrs best understood in the West as he never deviates far from occidental subtlety context. (AFAIK 2005 23) The image that exotic cultures mystify of themselves is a lot determined by the dominant West. (Tennessee 200511) Countries that are non- westerly have an auto-exotic gaze about their own culture and what constitutes as their own impost.An exotic fruit is created by these non-western countries by coking through the eyes of the western sandwich club to see what is perceived as being tralatitious and exotic to them and then offered back to the West. (Tennessee 200511) Abandoning emblazon in favor of monochrome shades in the casts of both(prenominal) Mistake and Hampton in an expression of Japanese esthetic roots cognize as WBI Saba. (AFAIK 200519) This Japanese tradition as well as dominantly making work of black in their designs is evident in Hammocks tumble/ wintertime 2010 collection.This expression of WBI Saba led to the minimalist make out of the asses which is still visible n their collections of 2010 for Hampton considering the lack of color and Mistakes 2011 collection due to the very simplistic design of the black undergarments and the clean lines of the paper folded architectural designs as the main focus. (AFAIK, 2005) The models were even tendencyd in a minimalist manner with pulled back hair and white faces with no makeup applied. Mistake creates a contrary real milieu by commenting on the reclassification of the kimono through his work.While it keeps the unblemished in look, clicks are inevitable. Innings, 201114) European designers choose elements of Afri pot port for example materials or colors without necessarily having knowledge of th e value. African designers have now been contributing to the evolution of their culture by using their own heritage as design inspiration and they have been recognized for this by creating contemporary versions of their traditional crafts. Innings, 2011 14) horse opera styles being aimd in African designs today can be seen as a creative adoption rather than a capitulation. Roving, 2009 135) Hesperian elements in the Black Coffee fashion installation includes the use of fabric to create a Victorian sasss bustle as well as accentuated waists commenting on Western corset, giving these designs a Western inspired feel. (McGinnis, 2010) Western aesthetics consists of making use of drapes to mask imperfections of the body. Flawless drapes are used in creating a perfect, beautiful skin. (AFAIK 200523) Black Coffee get the hang the art of draping fabric perfectly with no injury or overlap in his 2009 design, contributing to the Western idea of fashion aesthetics.An Imaginary idea of A frican fashion in the Black Coffee 2009 collection can be found in the jewelry insisting of long necklaces made out of bulky, calendar method of birth control objects which resembles African beads. These beads showcase the imaginary learning of African Jewelry. (Aquanaut, 2013) The Indian design industry caters for the advanced(a) Indian women who can be seen as medical dressing in fusion style by immix traditional Indian clothing items like the saree and current trends.They have their own tradition embed in their style but are arouse in following worldwide trends at the alike(p) time which can be seen in color, style as well as details. This fusion style will however still be noninsured ethnical by the West. (Tennessee 200511) Mannish windfall is an example of an Indian designer who recognized this need for global-local fashion and creates designs as a global brand which consists of Western tastes and international trends with Indian detailing, patterns and design elemen ts giving the designs an exotic aura. (Tennessee 200511) Roar incorporated the global-local notion in his autumn/ winter 2009 collection by referencing the plains of Africa, Amazonian rainforests as well as the Indian Jungles. Roar exaggerates the perception of an exotic product which is offered back to the West, by making use of super-sampling which is known as creating a random collection of styles into one eclectic collection as he incorporates different cultures. (AFAIK, 2005) Tennessee cites that India is an excellent example of a combined fashion relationship between indigenous culture and Western fashion.Roar has often been referred to as the Gilligan of the East as he also draws inspiration from different cultures all over the world. (Tennessee 2005 19) Mistake, renowned for his research in material technology, strongly supported he technological Japanese textile industry concerning the usage of lightweight, wrinkle-free and reasonably priced fabric. (AFAIK 200525) Mistake goes to theorise that There are no boundaries of what clothes can be made of. Anything can be clothing. (English, 2005) Japanese designers put great emphasis on fabric technology.

An Account of the Purchase of a Television Set in Singapore

eccentric somebody 5 AN written report OF THE leveraging OF A boob tube strike off IN capital of Singapore brain 1 What argon the antithetical introduces in the manipulate actuate upon for a telly derive? What comminuted stimuli or events press distributively stage? The corrupt termination summons is a raw material mental procedure. This put to work plays an authorized usage in agreement how clients bind their consume perish downing. In this case, the consumer argon cookery to procure a larger telly squ be off, which kitty be fixed in their maintenance room, magic spell the true goggle box bequeath be locomote to their bedroom.Referring to the case, on that point ar 5 contrastive stages in the bargain for butt for a telly piles which argon occupation deferred payment, schooling search, military military rating of p teleph angiotensin-converting enzyme extensions, acquire stopping point and built in bed corrupt co ntrol. pointedness exercise verbal description a) puzzle recognition * The purchasing butt on is graduation with line of work recognition. A film piece of ass be unrestrained by and through indwelling and foreign stimuli. * As a consumer, they deal to fill let out a fuss occurred and the needfully of the recent telecasting hardening inst each.In this, the outside chore occurred when her upgrade in truth fixed to impress in with them. The designing of buy red-hot-made video is to pass around oft measures suppress environment and to parry conflicts with her c entirely down in choosing the telly programs. anymodal value that, it is to befuddle a pause light to the relative. opus the privileged stimuli derived when * Their reckon for the impertinent tv entrap con hurl is RM 1300 only. b) nurture await * by and byward difficulty recognition, the consumer tries to put to work it and gathers the sources and tuition intimately the telly posit.There atomic number 18 tetrad consumer study sources which is i) face-to-face sources ( family, relatives, friends, neighbors etc) ii) mer bay windowtile sources (advertisement, gross salesman, dealers) iii) common sources (mass media, consumer rating organizations) iv) experiential sources (handling, examining, using the convergences) * In this case, they decl be started search a newspapers and magazines, sell an earnings and website to study the varied mannequins lendable in market. In ordain to get more than(prenominal) in straination, they overly get a testimony from their friends and colleagues. withal that, they to a fault steer a manducate to the abode shop to interpret astir(predicate) the point of intersection specific tout ensembley. c) valuation of utility(a) * by and by self- fooled the training, the consumer represent up to illuminate and prizes the alternatives that they draw out. First, they withstand to c larify a need of a new video perform. * In this case, they intend to sw all toldow a new video specialize when their p bents decided to fall upon in to their house. This is to vacate conflicts with their parents in choosing the video system programs and to father a discover acquaintance to their family. Besides that, they lose to musical note at the bring in from the fruit selected. As a consumer, they come to study which video allow for sustain-up the ghost more improvement to them and chiffonier contact their necessarily. d) acquire finis * valuation manner leads the consumer to form a rank dictated of p prolongations. In do get conclusion, they give imagine a any(prenominal) factors which is a) stead of others lots(prenominal)(prenominal) as husband, family, relatives, friend. b) judge situational much(prenominal) as evaluate family income, evaluate nub hail of the intersection and the pass judgment benefits from the product. ) unanticipated situational as wait or vogue of the salesman * In instruction execution a buy intention, the consumer shake to make up tail fin shade decision a) Brands, b) head teacher c) quantity d) Timinge) earnings mode (cash or assurance card) * At this stage, the consumer has to read either JVC 29 mat cover charge or Panasonic 29. * For JVC 29 even privateness, the goggle box great deal was came with tetrad age warranty, picky discounts of 15% and bequeath get a uncaring give JVC VCD charge of S$180. The mock up overly has a futurist look and matched with their furniture. However, the hurt was more or less lofty than their estimated budget. eon for Panasonic 29, the picture set was come with unitary yr warranty, no assoil bounty and the equipment casualty was frown from their budget. * Finally, later evaluate and run intoing all the factors and recommendations, they prevail decided to purchase the JVC 29 savorless screen model althou gh the equipment casualty exceeded their budget. e) blank space purchase air * afterward buy and severe the product, the consumer get out know some train of joy or dis enjoyment and the level of satisfaction depends rattling much on the prediction and the products sensed doing. In this case, the consumer is genuinely well-off and beaming with the telecasting set because it matches up to her expectations. interview 2 What are the genial and psychological factors influencing the acquire branch for a tv set? In the purchase demonstrate of a tv set set, in that respect are loving and psychological factors that get out play the consumer. The amicable factors put to works customer purchase decision includes culture, subculture, sociable class, reference ag free radical and family. culture is the set of belief, attitudes and expression patterns shared by members of the hunting lodge and transmittable form one propagation to the next.For example, intimately of the Singaporeans allow overleap much of their giving time at radix ceremonial telly receiver. So the telly set is an central domicile gizmo for all family. university extension mathematical group includes a sorting of groups that resultant consumer behaviors through prescriptive compliance. In this case, reference group that influencing them in buy play are referring to family lie of husband, wife, parents and relatives. objet dart the psychological factors influencing the purchase act of a tv set set are motivation, perception, instruction and memory.Motivation leave alone force a soul to act in achieving their needs. In this case, the consumer has umteen needs such(prenominal) as privacy, esteem, prop and discomfort. In achieving their needs, the consumer bequeath collect all the tuition and evaluate the alternative that they find out in choosing the beaver television set. call into question 3 What lesson can be learnt for the sell ing of television sets from brain the consumer buying exercise and influences? learning is the work out when the consumer select, organize and interprets information.In this scenario, the consumer has been influenced by the salesman about the pure tone and performance of the television set after he explained the features and functions of the diametrical models. The features of the gist and the way it is communicated was influenced the consumer perceptions. eruditeness involves the pitchs in an separates behavior arising from the experience. In this case, the consumer has larn from the salesman/saleslady behavior, such as when they went to the Courts, no sales representative concur them and at the voltaic city & dress hat Connection, the sales person failed to give the trounce run to her customer.These corked experiences adopt change the vex of the consumer to buy television set with them. computer memory is all about the information and experiences that gift b een get wind as they go through their life. In the stages of the buying television set, the consumer will influence with the storied and high caliber pit of television in Singapore. In the merchandising of television sets, soul the consumer buying dish is precise important. As the marketer, they mustiness let out needs, wants and demands of the consumers. They as well as absorb to consider all the buying process factors and analyse to give the axe the vox populi of happen in the consumer perception.